Infertility is a disease in a male or female reproductive system due to which the female partner is not able to get pregnant even after both partners have unprotected sex for one year or more. Millions of people have been affected by infertility, which creates impacts on individuals, families, and societies. The chance of facing infertility is about one of every six people in their age of reproductivity globally.
Both men and women face the problem of infertility. About one-third of infertility cases are caused by women's issues, and men cause another one-third of infertility problems. Other cases are caused by a mixture of both male and female infertility problems or by unknown conditions.
The causes of infertility in men can be due to many factors, which are given below as follows
Production of sperm or quality of sperm
The uncertain problems with the male testicles, genetic disorders, hormone problems, and other terms affect the growth and quality of sperm. Apart from this, health problems with male and infections in their body such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, mumps, or HIV cause infertility. Additionally, varicocele also affects the production and quality of sperm in the male human body.
In this type of sexual problem, due to premature ejaculation or due to a particular disease such as cystic fibrosis, sperm doesn’t successfully reach out to the female reproductive tract after having unprotected sex properly. Some types of physical problems like blockage in the testicles or injuries with reproductive organs result in breaking the path of sperm reaching out to the female reproductive tract.
Due to Cancer
If males have suffered through cancer and had their treatment, which is called chemotherapy and radiation, it also affects the production of sperm and is a cause of infertility in men.
Like the several factors and terms that affect infertility in men, in women too, there are many aspects due to which infertility arose in women. The below list are the Causes due to which Infertility in Women happens-
Problem with Ovulation
The problem with ovulation affects the release of eggs from the ovaries of the female reproductive organs. This allows hormonal issues such as polycystic ovary syndrome. In the case of prolactin, it also affects the cause of ovulation disorder.
Uterus Condition
Due to the issue known as uterine polyps in which the size of the uterus becomes a significant problem, or problem with the lower end of the uterus, which is called cervix infertility in women, is seen. Among these causes are conditions of uterine fibroids, where tumors occur in the wall of the uterus, causing infertility.
Due to the swelling of the fallopian tube, swelling happens in the female reproductive organs, which is pelvic inflammatory disease.
Endometriosis
This is a disorder under which tissue like the inner lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, which results in problems in the working of ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes.
Pelvic adhesions
Pelvic adhesions are bands of scar tissue that cause pelvic infection, appendicitis, and endometriosis in women.
Cancer
Certain types of cancer affect women's infertility. This may be cured after treatment with chemotherapy and radiation.
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Fertility declines with age. A study reveals that about 1 in 5 married couples have problems conceiving their first children.
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